Decision Support System Scholarship Selection Using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

− Scholarships are given to students to motivate students and compete with each other in pursuit of the best grades and achievements during their studies. As the name implies, factors such as GPA, competition participation, lecturer recommendations, and organizational participation are the criteria that will be considered for the selection process. In addition, parental income will also be an additional criterion. To minimize errors and reduce bias in the selection process, students who are eligible for scholarships will be assisted by using a Decision Support System (DSS). DSS will support decision making in selecting outstanding scholarship recipients from a pool of alternatives, namely students who register for the outstanding scholarship program by calculating student eligibility based on consideration of the criteria that students have in accordance with predetermined criteria, the alternatives in this research are student from the university. This calculation is carried out using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method which is suitable for use in Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) problems. As a result, each student will get an eligibility score which will influence the final decision. After the ranking of students who are most entitled to a scholarship according to the system calculations are obtained, the final decision will still be taken by the university.

INTRODUCTION Achievement can be likened to a measure of the success of a student during his academic journey, both at school and college. Scholarships are the provision of financial assistance to students for the continuation of their education and can be one of the things that can motivate students in pursuing achievements [1]. Providing scholarships to outstanding students is not only a reward or a gift, but also triggers academic competition between fellow students. The existence of competition in a learning ecosystem is very important to build the character of students who are persistent and exemplary, so that they can adapt more quickly to the world of work later. In addition, scholarships also provide an alternative to students with financial deficiencies. Scholarships are a cutting-edge solution for universities to provide assistance and awards as well as learning motivation to students which are useful in helping to improve the accreditation of study programs and the reputation of the university [2].
Traditionally, scholarships are awarded after an intensive selection process carried out by the responsible department of the university. This process usually does not take place quickly because many factors can cause the selection of scholarships to be not targeted quickly, for example, such as human error [3]. There are many factors or criteria that must be considered carefully in making decisions, namely in the form of things that directly impact student achievement such as current IPS/GPA scores, increase in GPA compared to last semester's GPA, and competition participation. Not only that, other things such as the family's financial condition that does not meet can also be taken into consideration [4]. One way that can be used to make this selection process faster is by utilizing a Decision Support System.
Decision Support System (DSS) is a system developed with a specific purpose, namely to assist an organization or individual in making a decision. DSS has been widely applied to help solve problems in the world of education and in general the way it works is to calculate how well an alternative choice is based on the preferences or criteria you want to consider [5]. There are various calculation methods used, such as Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), Weighted Product (WP), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Each method has a different way of calculating to get the final result. The SAW method itself can be used to solve decision-making problems that have many attributes (Multiple Attribute Decision Making) whose way of working is by calculating the total weight of each criterion owned by the alternative [6]. [7], [8]. Simple Additive Weighting Method is used based on previous research stated that it is mostly suitable to compute decision support system based problem, especially for scholarship awardee.
This study will use the Simple Additive Weighting method to design a Decision Support System that aims to assist the university in selecting students who deserve scholarships. The next section will describe the theoretical basis that will be used in this study, discussing the mathematical formulas of calculations used in the SAW method. In Chapter 3, it is shown the application of the SAW formula in the selection process for scholarship recipients.

II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Today, every field can take advantage of technology to help facilitate the work carried out in that field. For the case of selecting scholarship recipients, it is also possible to apply a system that can make it easier, namely the decision support system (SPK). This system provides an alternative that can be an aid to decision makers. It can also be said that this system converts existing data into information for decision making from semi-structured problems [9], [10]. The decision support system is intended to facilitate decision making by providing alternatives that can be chosen [11].

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Simple additive weight (SAW) is a method that is often used in a decision support system, this method is also known as the weighted addition method. SAW is a method that looks for the weighted sum of the rating criteria on the alternatives for each criterion [12].
The calculation steps using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method: 1. Determining Alternative (Ai) 2. Determine the criteria to be used as a reference in decision making (Cj) 3. Determine the preference weight or level of importance (W) for each criterion 4. Determine the Match Value of each criterion 5. Make a decision matrix (x) obtained from the suitability rating for each alternative (Ai) with each criterion (Cj). With: = rank for each alternative = weighted value of each criterion = normalized performance rating value.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results of the research on the calculation of decision support systems to determine scholarships with the SAW method can be seen as follows:

a. Alternatives
Determine alternatives for the selection of scholarship recipients, namely 23 students who register for the outstanding scholarship program.

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Gives attributes to each criterion that has been determined. There are 2 types of attributes that can be assigned to each criterion, namely benefits and costs.
a) Benefit, given to criteria that are beneficial or beneficial.
b) Cost, given to the criteria that are giving a loss or cost.

d) Alternative Values on Each Criterion
Give a weighted value for each alternative to each criterion according to the suitability of the alternative to each of the relevant criteria.attribute type benefit , the higher the alternative weight value means the higher the possibility of the alternative being the best choice at the time of calculation, on the contrary, cost means the lower the probability.  So that the normalization value is obtained as shown in the following table.

f) Final Results
The last stage is to calculate the final value by finding the total sum of the results of the multiplication of the alternative normalization values with the appropriate weighting criteria preferences. After all the final alternative values are calculated, then they are sorted so that a ranking list is obtained as shown in the following table.